FAQs

Frequently Asked Questions


What Are The Best Core Exercises?

Your deep core stability muscles retraining uses specific low-level activation exercises. While a very skilled physiotherapist training in deep core activation can observe and palpate for the correct muscle contraction, the best way is to see them working on a real-time ultrasound scan.

Real-Time Ultrasound Physiotherapy guidance allows you to see how your muscles are contracting in real-time. This visual feedback will enable you to correct your specific deep core muscles inside your stomach, lower back, and pelvic floor as you attempt to contract those muscles.

Beware of  Advanced “Core Stability” Exercises!

The fitness industry is full of fitness instructors who profess to know how to activate your core stability muscles. Unfortunately, the wrong core exercises will do you harm. Most progress your core exercises far too quickly and bypass these critical muscles to strengthen your outer abdominal muscles further and leave your deep core muscles weak. Research evidence has found that this renders you vulnerable to lower back pain and injury.

Core Stability Info

More info:

John Miller Physiotherapist

Article by John Miller

Deep Core Muscles

Your Foundation for Spinal Health

Introduction

In today's fast-paced world, spinal health is often overlooked until pain strikes. But what if we could proactively protect our backs? This comprehensive guide, informed by the latest physiotherapy insights, unravels the mystery of deep core stability muscles, their pivotal role in spinal health, and how we can strengthen them.

Understanding Deep Core Stability Muscles

The Vital Trio: Transversus Abdominis, Multifidus, and Pelvic Floor

Deep within our lower spine, a trio of muscles work tirelessly to support our body and shield us from back pain. These are the transversus abdominis (TrA), multifidus (MF), and pelvic floor muscles (PF).

deep core musclestransversus abdominis
Deep Core Muscles

Deep Core Stability Muscles

Transversus Abdominis

The transversus abdominis, more than just a muscle, acts as a vital stabiliser for the entire lower back and core region. Often compared to a natural corset, it wraps around the abdomen, spanning from the lower ribs to the pelvis.

Its unique horizontal fibre orientation allows it to tighten and compress the abdominal contents, thereby stabilising the pelvis and lower back before any body movement occurs. This preemptive action plays a crucial role in maintaining proper posture and alignment, as well as in preventing undue strain on the spinal structures.

During activities such as lifting, bending, or even coughing, the transversus abdominis engages to maintain stability and protect the spine. Strengthening this muscle is not about creating visible "six-pack" abs but about building an internal support system that safeguards against injuries and back pain.

Multifidus Muscle

The multifidus muscle is a series of small, yet powerful muscles that span the length of the spine. Each segment of the multifidus attaches to the bony structures of the vertebrae, from the sacrum at the base of the spine up to the cervical region at the neck.

This deep muscle works diligently, often without our conscious awareness, to provide fine-tuned support and stabilisation to the spine with every movement. Its ability to make small, precise adjustments in posture helps distribute forces evenly along the spine, reducing the risk of injury and wear.

Especially critical in movements that involve twisting or bending, the multifidus ensures that such actions don't overburden any single part of the spinal column. Keeping the multifidus strong is essential for a healthy back, as weaknesses in this muscle are often linked to chronic back pain and spinal instability.

Pelvic Floor Muscles

The pelvic floor muscles form a sling-like structure that stretches across the base of the pelvis. These muscles, often underrecognised, play a pivotal role in core stability and overall health. They work in concert with the transversus abdominis and multifidus, providing a foundational support system for the lower spine and pelvic organs.

The pelvic floor muscles assist in controlling bladder and bowel functions and are crucial during activities that increase intra-abdominal pressure, such as sneezing or lifting heavy objects.

For women, these muscles are particularly important for pregnancy and childbirth, supporting the uterus and playing a vital role in the birthing process. Strengthening the pelvic floor can lead to improved core stability, better posture, and a reduced risk of incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse.

Engaging and training these muscles through targeted exercises, like Kegels, is key to maintaining their strength and functionality, contributing significantly to overall spinal and pelvic health.

The Synergy for Spinal Health

Together, these muscles form a dynamic system that maintains spinal alignment and reduces stress on the back. Recent research underscores their interdependence, suggesting that a holistic approach to strengthening them can lead to better spinal health outcomes.

Core Stability and Back Pain Prevention

A Physiotherapist's Perspective

As physiotherapists, we observe that a well-conditioned core is your best defence against back pain. Strengthening these deep core muscles not only enhances stability but also improves overall posture and body mechanics.

The Role of Real-time Ultrasound Retraining

Innovative techniques like real-time ultrasound retraining have revolutionised core muscle training. This method allows physiotherapists and patients to view muscle contractions in real-time, ensuring correct and effective exercises.

Core Stability Exercises: Your Path to a Stronger Back

Simple Yet Effective Routines

Exercises targeting these core muscles can range from simple to advanced, catering to all fitness levels. Key exercises include:

  • Pelvic Tilts
  • Bridging
  • Planks
  • Pilates

These exercises, when performed consistently and correctly, can significantly enhance core muscle strength.

The Pilates Connection

A Fusion of Core Stability and Movement

Pilates, a movement system focusing on core strength, flexibility, and mindful movement, aligns perfectly with core stability training. It emphasises controlled movements that engage the deep core muscles, making it an ideal practice for enhancing spinal health.

Measuring Your Core Stability

Understanding Your Core Stability Score

Your core stability score is a measure of the strength and endurance of your core muscles. Physiotherapists can assess this through specific tests and exercises, providing a baseline for your core fitness.

Addressing Core Stability Deficiencies

Causes and Solutions

A lack of core stability can stem from various factors, including sedentary lifestyles, incorrect posture, or previous injuries. A tailored exercise regimen, guided by a physiotherapist, can effectively address these deficiencies.

Related Articles

  1. Core Stability Exercises
    Readers will discover a range of exercises designed to strengthen the core muscles, essential for improving spinal health and reducing the risk of injury.
  2. Pilates and Its Benefits for Spinal Health
    This page explains how Pilates can improve core strength, flexibility, and overall spinal health through controlled movements.
  3. Understanding and Managing Lower Back Pain
    Offers insights into common causes of lower back pain and practical advice for management and prevention.
  4. Pelvic Floor Physiotherapy
    Provides valuable information on how strengthening the pelvic floor can contribute to core stability and spinal health, especially relevant for women post-pregnancy.
  5. The Role of Physiotherapy in Back Pain Prevention
    Discusses how physiotherapy can help prevent back pain by enhancing core stability and spinal alignment.
  6. Real-time Ultrasound for Core Muscle Training
    Explains the innovative technique of using real-time ultrasound to ensure the correct engagement and strengthening of core muscles.
  7. Posture and Its Impact on Spinal Health
    Highlights the importance of good posture for maintaining spinal health and how core stability plays a crucial role.
  8. Exercises for a Healthy Spine
    Details specific exercises that target the spine and core muscles, promoting a healthier back and reducing the risk of pain.
  9. The Importance of the Multifidus Muscle for Spinal Stability
    Provides an in-depth look at the multifidus muscle and its critical role in maintaining spinal stability and health.

Core Stability vs Pilates

The whole 'core stability' phenomenon started in the 1920s with a chap named Joseph Pilates, whose exercise regimes have become quite trendy in the last ten years.

Pilates talked about developing a 'girdle of strength' by learning to recruit the deep-trunk muscles. Even without complete knowledge of anatomy and the benefits of the latest muscle activity research, he was aware of these deep muscles' importance and their supportive effects.

Core stability training targets explicitly the smaller and deeper back and stomach muscles. Once recruited, these muscles control the position of the spine during dynamic movements of your body.

Is Pilates for Everyone?

Sadly, No! Exercise programs that aim to develop your deep core strength can often do just the opposite. The most common reason for injury and back pain is the incorrect timing of core muscle recruitment. 

Pilates, Yoga, gym strengthening, and other exercise forms place high demands on your core stability system. Abnormal core muscle recruitment order increases your injury chance proportion with the exercise difficulty.

Remember, if you build a tower on a weak foundation, it will eventually topple. Look what happened to the Leaning Tower of Pisa. It's got lousy core stability! The same goes for your core stability muscles.

However, recruiting the deeper core muscles before your superficial layers, just like adding floors to a sturdy skyscraper and your back, will forever be healthy and pain-free.

Why is it Important to Specially Retrain your Core Stability Muscles?

Research has identified that the order of core muscle recruitment is one of the most critical factors in preventing or resolving pain. Once the core muscles become weak and their timing is incorrect, you can experience prolonged back pain and are at a much higher risk of re-occurrence. Real-Time Ultrasound Physiotherapy has proven particularly useful to correct the muscle recruitment order.

To solve your back pain and reduce your re-injury risk, you must retrain these muscles back to an appropriate level for your needs. If you are relatively sedentary, you may only need a low level of control. However, if you are a high-level sportsperson or a manual worker, you will need to work up to a much higher core strength level.

What Should You Expect?

You need to consciously activate these muscles in the initial stage and incorporate them into an exercise program. Many people find it difficult to isolate these muscles and need help to be able to activate them effectively.

Research has discovered that real-time ultrasound-guided treatment is the most effective way to retrain an isolated and well-timed core stability contraction successfully.

John Miller Physiotherapist

Article by John Miller

What Causes Lower Back Pain?

Man clutching her lower back due to pain.
Lower Back Pain Is A Common Condition Affecting People Of All Ages.

Why Do People Experience Lower Back Pain?

Lower back pain is a common issue affecting many people. It can result from various causes, ranging from specific spinal pathologies to non-specific lower back pain (NSLBP). Understanding the reasons behind this pain can help in seeking appropriate treatment and prevention.

How is Lower Back Pain Categorised?

Researchers and spinal health practitioners classify lower back pain into three main categories:

  1. Specific Spinal Pathologies (<1%): Conditions requiring urgent treatment.
  2. Radicular Syndromes (5-10%): Pain due to nerve irritation or compression.
  3. Non-Specific Lower Back Pain (NSLBP) (90-95%): Pain without a specific structure involved.

Who is Affected by Lower Back Pain?

Lower back pain can affect anyone, regardless of age or gender. However, certain factors like age, physical activity, and underlying health conditions can increase the risk.

Where Does Lower Back Pain Originate?

The pain can originate from various spinal structures, including muscles, ligaments, discs, nerves, and joints. Specific pathologies or injuries can pinpoint the source of pain, while NSLBP is more generalised.

When Should You Seek Help?

Immediate medical attention is necessary for conditions like spinal infections, malignancy, or cauda equina syndrome. For other types of back pain, seeking help when symptoms persist or interfere with daily life is crucial.

What are the Common Causes?

Specific Spinal Pathologies:

These include conditions like spinal infections, cancer, spinal arthropathies, cauda equina syndrome, and spinal fractures. They account for less than 1% of back pain sufferers but require prompt diagnosis and treatment.

Radicular Syndromes:

This category includes conditions like sciatica, where the sciatic nerve gets irritated, often due to herniated discs, facet joint sprains, or spinal stenosis. These account for 5-10% of back pain cases.

Non-Specific Lower Back Pain (NSLBP):

NSLBP accounts for 90-95% of lower back pain cases and often results from muscle strains, ligament sprains, or degenerative disc disease. These cases typically improve with physiotherapy and self-care within two to six weeks.

New Research on Lower Back Pain

Recent studies have shed light on the management and treatment of lower back pain. A systematic review by Maher et al. (2017) emphasises the effectiveness of physiotherapy in managing NSLBP, highlighting manual therapy and exercise as key components. Another study by Hoy et al. (2014) discusses the global burden of lower back pain, indicating the need for better preventive measures and treatment strategies.

Series of exercises aimed at relieving lower back pain.
Regular Exercises Can Help Prevent And Manage Lower Back Pain.

Conclusion

Lower back pain is a common issue with various causes. Understanding these causes and seeking timely treatment can significantly improve outcomes. Always consult your physiotherapist for an accurate diagnosis and personalised treatment plan.

What to Do?

If you're experiencing lower back pain, consult your physiotherapist or doctor for a thorough evaluation and tailored treatment plan.

FAQs about Lower Back Pain

  1. What are the Main Causes of Lower Back Pain?
  2. How is Lower Back Pain Treated?
    • Treatment varies based on the cause but often includes physiotherapy, pain relief, manual therapy, and specific exercises. Early diagnosis and tailored treatment plans are essential.  Read more: Back Treatment
  3. Can Lower Back Pain be Prevented?
    • Yes, maintaining good posture, regular exercise, and avoiding heavy lifting can prevent many cases of lower back pain. Read more: Back Pain Prevention
  4. When Should I See a Doctor for Lower Back Pain?
    • Seek medical help if the pain is severe, persistent, or accompanied by other symptoms like numbness, weakness, or bowel/bladder issues.  Read more: Managing Severe Back Pain
  5. What is Sciatica?
    • Sciatica is a type of radicular pain that occurs when the sciatic nerve is irritated, usually due to a herniated disc. It causes pain down the leg. Read more: Sciatica
  6. How Long Does it Take to Recover from Lower Back Pain?
    • Recovery time varies, but most cases of NSLBP improve within two to six weeks with proper treatment. Read more: Back Pain Recovery

Social Media

Follow us on social media for tips on back pain prevention exercises. Stay updated with the latest advice and exercises to keep your back healthy and pain-free.

Related Articles

  1. Treatments for Lower Back Pain - Learn about different treatment options.
  2. How to Prevent Back Pain - Tips and strategies to prevent back pain.
  3. When to See a Physio or Doctor for Back Pain - Know when it's time to seek medical help.
  4. Sciatica Causes and Treatment - Detailed information on sciatica.
  5. Recovery from Back Pain - Understand the recovery process.
  6. Manual Therapy for Back Pain - How manual therapy can help.
  7. Exercises for Lower Back Pain - Effective exercises for relief.
  8. Posture and Back Pain - The role of posture in back pain.
  9. Degenerative Disc Disease - Information on this common condition.
  10. Mayo Clinic - Low Back Pain Causes - Overview of causes and risk factors.
  11. WebMD - Causes of Back Pain - Detailed explanation of different causes.
  12. Harvard Health - Understanding Back Pain - Comprehensive guide on back pain.

John Miller Physiotherapist

Article by John Miller

Back Pain Prevention: Why, How, Who, Where, When, and What?

Why Prevent Back Pain?

Back pain affects millions of people, significantly impacting daily activities and overall quality of life. Preventing back pain is crucial because it helps maintain mobility, productivity, and general well-being.

back pain prevention tips
Back Pain Prevention Tips

How to Prevent Back Pain?

1. Correct Posture

Your mother was right about posture. Poor posture can lead to numerous problems, with back pain being a primary concern. Visualise a string attached to the back of your head, gently pulling you upwards. This alignment should be maintained whether you’re sitting, standing, or moving. Read more: Posture Improvement Tips

2. Exercises for Posture Improvement

Practising the "grow tall" exercise for 10 seconds every half-hour can significantly reduce back pain risks. This posture lifts your chest, relaxes your shoulders, tucks in your chin, levels your head, and contracts your stomach muscles. Read more: Posture Exercises

3. Safe Lifting Techniques

When lifting objects, especially those over 15 to 20 kg, use a back support. Bend at the hips and knees, keeping your feet shoulder-width apart. Hold the object close to your body, using your thigh and buttock muscles for lifting. Avoid twisting your back.

4. Ergonomics in Sitting

Prolonged sitting, especially in front of computers, is not what our bodies were designed for. Use the "grow tall" principle every 15 to 30 minutes and ensure your chair supports your lower back. Regularly stand, stretch, and walk to maintain a healthy spine. Read more: Spine Ergonomics

5. Targeted Exercises for Strengthening Your Back

Engaging in exercises to strengthen and relax your back muscles is crucial. PhysioWorks offers tailored exercise programs focusing on flexibility, strengthening, and postural control. These exercises, along with Real-Time Ultrasound Retraining, can keep your back relaxed and strong.

Read more:

6. Choosing the Right Mattress and Pillow

Investing in a quality mattress and pillow is essential, considering we spend a significant portion of our lives sleeping. If you wake up with back pain, it might be time to consider a new mattress. Consult your PhysioWorks therapist for personalised advice.

Read more: What is the Best Pillow for You?

7. Driving Posture

Use the "grow tall" principle during long drives. Regular breaks for walking and stretching are crucial, as prolonged sitting combined with bumpy roads can cause back pain. Lumbar support cushions can improve the comfort and support of your back on long drives.

View: Lumbar Support Cushions

Who Should Prevent Back Pain?

Everyone should take steps to prevent back pain, but it’s especially important for those with a sedentary lifestyle, people who lift heavy objects regularly, and individuals with a history of back pain.

Where Can You Prevent Back Pain?

You can prevent back pain anywhere: at home, work, while driving, and even while sleeping. Incorporating proper posture and ergonomic practices into your daily routine can help maintain a healthy back.

When to Focus on Back Pain Prevention?

It’s never too early or too late to start preventing back pain. Make it a part of your daily routine to ensure long-term spinal health.

What Can You Do to Prevent Back Pain?

Recent studies emphasise the importance of an integrated approach to prevent back pain. Incorporating regular physical activity, ergonomic adjustments in daily routines, and mindfulness techniques like yoga and meditation can significantly reduce the risk and intensity of back pain (Steffens et al., 2016).

A female patient doing back pain prevention exercises on a mat, supervised by a physiotherapist
A Patient Performs Back Pain Prevention Exercises Under The Guidance Of A Physiotherapist, Promoting Spinal Health And Overall Well-Being

What to Do? When to Seek Professional Advice?

If you’re experiencing back pain or wish to prevent it, consulting a professional is essential. Physiotherapists can offer tailored advice, exercises, and treatment plans based on your specific needs. Visit PhysioWorks for more information and to schedule an appointment.

Back Posture FAQs

  1. What Causes Back Pain? Back pain can be caused by various factors, including poor posture, muscle or ligament strain, disc problems, and underlying conditions like arthritis. It's important to address these causes to prevent chronic issues. Read more: Back Pain Causes.
  2. How Can I Prevent Back Pain at Work? Maintain good posture, use ergonomic furniture, and take regular breaks to stand and stretch. Adjust your workstation to keep your spine aligned and avoid prolonged sitting. Read more: Back Pain Prevention
  3. What Exercises Help Prevent Back Pain? Exercises focusing on strengthening the core, improving flexibility, and enhancing posture can help. Consult a physiotherapist for a tailored exercise program.  Read more: Back Pain Prevention Exercises
  4. How Does Sleep Affect Back Pain? Sleeping on a supportive mattress and pillow can prevent back pain. Ensure your spine is aligned and avoid sleeping on your stomach. Read more: Sleep and Back Pain
  5. Can Lifestyle Changes Prevent Back Pain? Yes, incorporating regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, and using proper techniques when lifting can prevent back pain. Adopting a holistic approach is key. Read more: Lifestyle and its Impact on Back Pain
  6. When Should I See a Physiotherapist for Back Pain? If back pain persists for more than a few weeks, or if it’s severe, consulting a physiotherapist is crucial. Early intervention can prevent chronic issues. Please book an appointment if you would like professional guidance.

Back Pain Prevention Exercises

For more tips on back pain prevention exercises and maintaining a healthy spine, follow us on our social media platforms. We regularly share expert advice, easy-to-follow exercises, and practical tips to help you stay pain-free and active. Join our community to stay updated on the latest in physiotherapy and back care. Connect with us today and take the first step towards a healthier, more comfortable life!

Related Articles

  1. Improving Your Posture: A Guide for Better Health - Tips on maintaining good posture throughout the day.
  2. Ergonomics at Work - How to set up your workspace for optimal spinal health.
  3. Core Strengthening Exercises - Exercises to strengthen your core and support your back.
  4. Back Pain Exercises - Specific exercises to relieve and prevent back pain.
  5. Choosing the Right Mattress - Advice on selecting a mattress that supports your spine.
  6. Lumbar Support in Cars - Tips for maintaining back health while driving.
  7. Holistic Back Care - A holistic approach to maintaining a healthy back.
  8. Real-Time Ultrasound Retraining - Innovative techniques for back muscle training.
  9. Physiotherapy Consultation - Learn what to expect during a physiotherapy session.
  10. Back Massage - When to seek the help of a remedial back massage.
  11. Mayo Clinic - Back Pain Prevention - Strategies for preventing back pain, including exercise and ergonomic tips.
  12. WebMD - Preventing Back Pain - A slideshow covering various ways to prevent back pain.
  13. Harvard Health - Tips to Prevent Back Pain - Harvard Health's advice on keeping your back healthy and pain-free.

Article by Matthew Batch

Exercise Balls for Lower Back Pain and Core Stability

exercise ball
Exercise Ball For Back Pain

Introduction

Lower back pain affects millions worldwide. Often, weak core muscles are the culprit. As physiotherapists, we observe how inadequate support from bones, ligaments, and muscles can lead to pain and injury. The back, serving as the foundation for all body movements, relies heavily on core strength.

The Role of Exercise Balls

Exercise balls, also known as stability balls, offer a unique solution. Their flexible, unstable nature challenges your body’s control over position and movement. This engagement is key in reactivating and strengthening your core stability muscles. Studies have found that using an exercise ball can reawaken these stabilising muscles, often dormant during episodes of back pain. It has also been shown to increase bone mineral density in patients, which benefits those with osteoporosis or osteopenia (Yoon JS et al. 2013).

How Exercise Balls Aid in Back Pain

Enhancing Core Muscle Strength

Sitting or exercising on the ball engages the deeper muscles of your core, improving core stability.

Reactivating Stabilising Muscles

Regular use of an exercise ball can ‘kick start’ your stabilising muscles, essential for supporting the spine.

Reducing Pain and Improving Function

With improved core strength, you may experience reduced back pain and enhanced mobility.

Why Stability Matters

The back is a complex structure of bones, muscles, and ligaments. It depends on core muscle strength for stability. Research shows that weak stabilising muscles often cause back pain. Inactive or weak muscles can lead to a cycle of pain and further inactivity.

When to Use Caution

While exercise balls can be beneficial, they may not suit everyone. Incorrect use or over-exertion can aggravate back conditions. It’s crucial to start with guidance from a physiotherapist to determine the best approach for your specific condition.

Seeking Professional Advice

A physiotherapist can provide a tailored assessment and program, ensuring the safe and effective use of exercise balls. They can guide you in specific exercises to strengthen your core and alleviate back pain, tailored to your individual needs.

Conclusion

Exercise balls offer a versatile and effective way to improve lower back pain through enhanced core stability. However, it’s essential to use them correctly and under professional guidance. Consulting a physiotherapist can ensure you benefit from these tools safely and effectively.

What to Do Next?

If you’re experiencing lower back pain or looking to improve your core stability, consider incorporating an exercise ball into your routine. However, remember to consult your physiotherapist first. They can provide personalised advice and exercises, ensuring you get the most out of your exercise ball while keeping safety in mind.

Back Exercise Ball FAQs

1. How do exercise balls help with lower back pain? Exercise balls engage core muscles, improving stability and reducing back pain by strengthening stabilising muscles.

2. Can anyone use an exercise ball for back pain relief? While beneficial for many, it's best to consult a physiotherapist to determine if exercise balls suit your specific condition.

3. How often should I use an exercise ball for back pain? Start with short sessions, gradually increasing frequency based on physiotherapist recommendations.

4. What exercises can I do on an exercise ball for back pain? Common exercises include seated pelvic tilts, ball bridges, and plank holds. A physiotherapist can provide a personalised routine.

5. Are exercise balls effective for other types of pain? Yes, they can help with general core strength, which may alleviate other types of pain, including hip and neck discomfort.

6. Where can I buy a quality exercise ball? Exercise balls are available at most fitness stores, online retailers, and some physiotherapy clinics. Buy here.

Related Articles

  1. Lower Back Pain Treatment - Discusses various treatments and management strategies for lower back pain.
  2. Core Strengthening Exercises - Explains exercises to strengthen your core muscles and improve stability.
  3. Osteoporosis Management - Provides information on managing osteoporosis and increasing bone density.
  4. Physiotherapy for Back Pain - Details how physiotherapy can help alleviate back pain.
  5. Understanding Core Stability - Explains the importance of core stability in overall health.
  6. Exercise Tips for Back Health - Offers practical tips on exercises that promote back health.
  7. Benefits of Physiotherapy - Discusses the various benefits of physiotherapy for different conditions.
  8. Managing Osteopenia - Offers strategies for managing osteopenia and preventing bone loss.
  9. Rehabilitation Exercises - Provides exercises for rehabilitation after injury or surgery.
  10. Posture and Back Health - Explains how proper posture can prevent and alleviate back pain.

Each of these articles will provide additional insights into managing back pain, improving core stability, and maintaining overall health.

Smoking Effect on Lower Back Pain

Researchers have discovered a link between smoking and lower back pain. It also sheds light on the causes of degenerative lumbar spine problems. Numerous researchers have proposed a link between smoking and low back pain, but the exact nature of that link has mainly remained untested in long-term studies. A recent study on smoking and low back pain, which examined 1,337 doctors, followed some participants for more than 50 years.

Research Findings

Researchers discovered that smoking history, high blood pressure, and heart disease - all of which are risk factors for narrowing the arteries - significantly increased the likelihood of low back pain.

These same risk factors and high cholesterol levels were also significantly associated with lumbar spondylosis development (degeneration).

Why?

These findings support the theory that the arteries' narrowing may cause lower back pain and degenerative disorders of the intervertebral discs. Researchers have suggested that damage to the discs and joints' vascular structures (blood supply) is the injury mechanism in low back pain.

Conclusions from Smoking and Low Back Pain Study

The study concluded that the development of lower back pain was significantly associated with smoking history and high blood pressure. The development of lumbar spondylosis was significantly associated with smoking history and high blood pressure and cholesterol.

What about Diabetes and Lower Back Pain?

The good news for people with diabetes was that diabetes did not increase lower back pain or lumbar spondylosis (degeneration) incidences.

Back Pain Info

Back Conditions

Back Pain Research

Lower back pain (LBP) is one of the most common conditions in health care. Approximately 80% of the population will suffer low back pain at some point in their lives. Lower back pain costs our country billions of dollars every year through absenteeism and injury rehabilitation.

It is critical to all those who suffer from low back pain that a safe and effective treatment protocol can beat lower back pain. Australian physiotherapists lead the world with groundbreaking research to improve the treatment and prevention of low back pain.

At PhysioWorks, we are glad to offer both immediate pain-relieving techniques and longer-term preventative programs to stop recurring lower back pain.

Back Pain Research
Back Pain Research

How Can PhysioWorks Help Your Lower Back Pain?

Well-designed research and highly skilled clinical practice have physiotherapy evidence as a safe, effective and low-cost management approach for low back pain.

PhysioWorks' physiotherapists are highly skilled. They are well respected to assess, diagnose, and successfully treat patients with low back pain from musculoskeletal dysfunction.

Our injury management involves not only 'joint manipulation' like some other health practitioners, but also less forceful but equally effective passive examination and treatment techniques, effective therapeutic exercise (strengthening and stretching) and vital advice on posture, lifting and movement pattern abnormalities. In other words, your physiotherapist will address the immediate problem and then help you stop it from coming back using many techniques and skills.

Evidence-Based Physiotherapy for Low Back Pain

Physiotherapists have undertaken substantial research investigating the techniques used according to stringent research guidelines. Physiotherapists base their treatment protocols on scientific research evidence, unlike some alternative back pain remedies.

Based on a comprehensive review of the scientific literature, the Australian Physiotherapy Association (APA), with assistance from the Musculoskeletal Physiotherapists Association (MPA), has developed a recommendation for the successful treatment of low back pain.

Low Back Pain - Acute (less than three months)

There is considerable evidence to support that spinal manipulative therapy (SMT), including passive mobilisation and manipulation, McKenzie therapy and the encouragement of early active movement, rather than bed rest, is effective in the short-term management of low back pain.

SMT provides a better short-term improvement in both pain and the return to normal activity levels than the comparison regimens of traction, massage, short-wave diathermy and epidural injections.

Compared to placebo or other conservative treatment, a recent meta-analysis reports twelve out of sixteen trials favourable for SMT.

Chronic Low Back Pain - Greater than three months

There is strong evidence to support that exercise programs result in a faster return to work rate, reduced absenteeism, and disability than control groups.

Your PhysioWorks' physios possess the necessary skills and education to individually assess each low back pain candidate and then appropriately design, prescribe, supervise and progress your successful low back pain exercise program.

Currently, physiotherapists are pioneering research investigations into the mechanisms contributing to chronic and recurrent low back pain. The evidence to support their efficacy is continually increasing.

The spinal manipulative techniques (SMT) are more effective in managing chronic low back pain than bed rest, pain killers and massage, with six out of eight trials supporting this evidence.

More importantly, the combination of SMT and specific exercises have increased support in managing low back pain. Your PhysioWorks physio has the necessary skill and knowledge to provide you with optimal low back pain care.

Real-Time Ultrasound-Guided Treatment

The best way to activate the correct core stability muscles is to see them working on an ultrasound scan. Yes, it's just like seeing an unborn baby. We now have this fantastic technology at several of our PhysioWorks clinics.

Back Pain Info

Back Conditions

John Miller Physiotherapist

Article by John Miller

How to Choose the Perfect Pillow for Your Neck

perfect pillow
What's Your Perfect Pillow?

Why is the Right Pillow Important?

Choosing the right pillow is crucial for maintaining proper neck and spine alignment during sleep. A well-suited pillow can alleviate discomfort, promote better sleep quality, and even improve overall health. This FAQ page guides you through the process of finding your ideal pillow, answering common questions, and linking to helpful resources.

Selecting the correct pillow helps maintain a neutral spine position, which is vital for reducing neck strain and ensuring restful sleep. An unsuitable pillow can lead to poor sleep posture, resulting in aches, pains, and even long-term health issues.

Related Articles:

  • Neck Pain – Discusses common causes of neck pain and how proper support can prevent it.
  • Good Posture – Explains the role of posture in overall health and how pillows can support good posture.
  • Pillow Selection Guide – Offers in-depth advice on choosing the right pillow for your specific needs.

How Do You Choose the Best Pillow?

Choosing the right pillow depends on several factors, including your sleeping position, pillow material, and personal comfort preferences. It's important to understand the different types of pillows available and how they can cater to your unique requirements.

  • Memory foam pillows conform to your body's shape, offering personalised support and relieving pressure points.
  • Down pillows provide a soft, luxurious feel with a lightweight and fluffy texture.
  • Latex pillows, known for their durability, offer firm yet responsive support, making them ideal for those needing extra neck stability.
  • Body pillows are long and cylindrical, providing full-body support, particularly beneficial during pregnancy or for side sleepers.
  • Wedge pillows, shaped like a triangle, are designed to elevate specific body parts, helping to alleviate conditions like acid reflux or snoring.
  • Cooling pillows are made with materials that regulate temperature, ensuring a cool, comfortable sleep, especially for hot sleepers.
  • Lastly, buckwheat pillows, filled with buckwheat hulls, are firm and adjustable, moulding to your shape while providing excellent airflow and support.

What Should You Consider When Buying a Pillow?

When purchasing a pillow, consider your preferred sleeping position, the filling material, size, and shape. Additionally, think about the durability and the quality of the pillow cover. Investing in a good pillow can lead to improved sleep and better overall health.

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How Often Should You Replace Your Pillow?

Most pillows should be replaced every 1-2 years, but high-quality pillows can last longer (3 to 5 years) with proper care. If your pillow becomes lumpy, flat, or discoloured, it’s time for a replacement.

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Pillow FAQs

1. Why is the right pillow essential for neck support?
The right pillow keeps your neck aligned with your spine, reducing strain and preventing pain during sleep.

2. How do you choose the best pillow for neck pain?
Consider your sleeping position and opt for a pillow that supports your neck's natural curve, such as memory foam or latex pillows.

3. What types of pillows are best for neck support?
Memory foam, latex, and buckwheat pillows are excellent for neck support, offering firm yet comfortable alignment.

4. Who should consider using a body pillow?
Body pillows are ideal for side sleepers, pregnant women, or anyone needing full-body support to maintain proper alignment.

5. When should you replace your pillow?
Replace your pillow every 1-2 years, or sooner if it becomes flat, lumpy, or discoloured.

6. What is the best pillow material for hot sleepers?
Cooling pillows, often made with gel-infused memory foam or breathable materials, are perfect for hot sleepers.

ABC Radio Interview Regarding Pillow Selection

What Pillow Is The Best For You?

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  3. The Role of Good Posture in Preventing Neck Pain – Learn how posture affects neck health.
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John Miller Physiotherapist

Article by John Miller

Recognising the Tell-Tale Signs of an Unsupportive Pillow

A good pillow typically lasts three to four years. However, pillows of lesser quality often lose their support in just months. The breakdown of internal materials like feathers, memory foam, or latex leads to this loss. If you frequently wake up with a stiff neck, neck pain, or headaches, or have restless sleep, it might be time for a new pillow. Noticing better sleep with a different pillow, such as at a hotel, is another clear sign.

A digital illustration showing an individual sleeping uncomfortably on their side, using a skinny and narrow pillow
An Unsupportive Pillow Reduces Your Sleep And Increases Neck Strain

Neck Pain and Your Pillow: A Surprising Connection

Neck discomfort upon waking could be a sign your pillow isn't right for you. A suitable pillow aligns your head and spine, ensuring a comfortable sleep. If you have a neck injury or persistent pain, it's crucial to find a pillow that caters to your needs. Sometimes, professional neck treatment can resolve long-standing sleep issues quickly.

The Role of Pillows in Neck Headaches

An unsupportive pillow can lead to neck pain and headaches. The key is finding a pillow that fits your neck shape and body size. Using an unsuitable pillow increases the risk of these discomforts. If you're dealing with neck-related issues, consult a physiotherapist. They can recommend the best pillow style and size for you, helping to achieve pain-free, restful sleep.

Seeking Professional Advice: When to Consult a Physiotherapist

If neck pain or headaches are a constant problem, a physiotherapist's advice can be invaluable. They'll assess your needs and suggest the ideal pillow, often leading to immediate improvements in sleep quality and neck health.

Conclusion: Making the Right Pillow Choice

Choosing the right pillow is crucial for preventing neck pain and headaches. A physiotherapist can provide expert advice tailored to your specific needs, ensuring you find a pillow that supports your neck properly.

ABC Radio Interview Regarding Pillow Selection

What to Do Next: Seeking Professional Advice

Don't let neck pain and poor sleep quality persist. Consult a physiotherapist to find the perfect pillow for you. Remember, the right pillow can make a significant difference in your life.

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  1. Best Pillow For Sleep: Physiotherapist Guide: This article provides detailed guidance on what to consider when buying a pillow. It covers aspects like sleeping position, pillow filling, size, shape, cover, durability, and price. The article emphasises the importance of choosing a pillow that aligns your head naturally with your spine for a good night's sleep​​.
  2. How Can You Relieve Your Neck Pain?: This piece talks about the role of posture braces and other supportive products in alleviating neck pain. It suggests consulting a physiotherapist for specific advice tailored to individual needs, highlighting various products available in their online shop​​.
  3. Neck Pain FAQs, Helpful Products & Professional Guide: This article offers insights into neck stretching, relaxation, and various therapies like cold, heat, and medication for neck pain relief. It also advises on when to seek professional care and provides a comprehensive approach to managing neck pain, including maintaining good posture and performing regular neck exercises​​.
  4. Neck Pain Relief: Physio Advice And Care Tips: An article focused on offering physio advice and care tips for neck pain. It includes tips on desk setup for neck care, easy neck stretches, relaxation techniques, choosing the best pillow for neck support, and therapies like ice vs heat for neck pain. It underscores the importance of seeking professional care for persistent neck pain​​.
  5. What's Causes Cervicogenic Headache?: This article provides a comprehensive insight into cervicogenic headaches, which are closely related to neck issues. It discusses the dysfunctions in the musculoskeletal and neurovascular structures of the neck that result in these headaches, highlighting the involvement of the upper neck joints, neck muscles, and cervical and occipital nerves.
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