Patella Maltracking

What is Patella Maltracking?
Patella maltracking refers to the improper movement of the kneecap (patella) within the femoral groove during knee motion. This condition often stems from musculoskeletal imbalances and can lead to discomfort, joint damage, and limited mobility. Left untreated, it can progress to chronic knee pain and further joint complications.

Why does it happen?
Patella maltracking often results from biomechanical or structural factors, including muscle imbalances, anatomical variations, and previous injuries. These issues disrupt the smooth gliding of the patella, increasing strain on the knee joint.

Causes
Several factors contribute to patella maltracking:

• Muscle Imbalances: Weakness or tension differences between the Vastus Lateralis (outer quadriceps) and Vastus Medialis Oblique (VMO) can alter patellar movement. Hip muscles also influence patella positioning via their imprtant role controlling the thigh bone relative to the kneecap.
• Trochlear Groove Anatomy: Variations like a shallow groove or a steep medial ridge may predispose individuals to maltracking.
• Previous Dislocations: Dislocated kneecaps often damage stabilising ligaments, increasing the risk of recurrent maltracking.
• Q Angle and Hip Width: A wider pelvis, especially in females, creates a larger Q angle, increasing the likelihood of lateral patella displacement.
• Foot Posture: Flat feet or overpronation affect lower limb alignment, which can strain the knee and cause maltracking.

Read more: Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome | Chondromalacia Patella

Symptoms
The condition often presents with:

• Pain in the front of the knee, especially when climbing stairs or squatting.
• Grinding or creaking sounds during movement (crepitus).
• Knee instability or the sensation of the kneecap “giving way.”

Read more: Anterior Knee Pain Causes | Runners Knee

How is it investigated?
Diagnosis usually involves a physical examination by a physiotherapist or an Orthopaedic Surgeon and imaging tests like patella alignment X-rays. These tools help identify underlying biomechanical issues.

Read more: Diagnosing Patella Problems | Knee Pain Imaging Options

Treatment Options
Effective treatment combines addressing the root cause and relieving symptoms:

• Physiotherapy: Restoring muscle balance, improving patella biomechanics, and modifying activities are primary goals. Tailored exercises can significantly reduce pain and recurrence.
• Braces and Taping: These can stabilise the patella, promoting proper alignment during movement.
• Surgical Intervention: In severe cases, procedures like lateral release or tibial tubercle realignment may be required.

Read more: Physiotherapy for Knee Pain | Braces and Knee Support

What to Do?
If you’re experiencing symptoms of patella maltracking, consult a physiotherapist to discuss a personalised treatment plan. Early intervention can prevent long-term complications and restore optimal knee function.

FAQs

1. Why does patella maltracking occur?
   It results from biomechanical imbalances, anatomical variations, or previous injuries.
2. How can I fix patella maltracking?
   Physiotherapy is highly effective in restoring alignment and reducing pain.
3. Who is most at risk of patella maltracking?
   Females, athletes, and those with previous knee injuries are at higher risk.
4. Where can I get treatment for patella maltracking?
   Physiotherapists at PhysioWorks offer tailored programs.
5. When should I seek help for knee pain?
   Seek help when knee pain interferes with daily activities or worsens over time.
6. What exercises help patella maltracking?
   Strengthening the quadriceps, glutes, and core muscles can help. Stretching of tight structures such as your ITB, lateral retinaculum and rectus femoris allow for the kneecap to attain a normal alignment position.
7. Can patella maltracking heal without treatment?
   Without intervention, symptoms may persist or worsen.
8. Does surgery cure patella maltracking?
   Surgery is a last resort, effective in severe cases, that don’t respond to physiotherapy or other non-operative treatment.
9. How long does rehabilitation take?
   Recovery typically takes 6–12 weeks with physiotherapy.
10. Are braces necessary for patella maltracking?
    Braces may support alignment and relieve pain during recovery.

Related Articles

1. Anterior Knee Pain – Learn the common causes and solutions for knee pain.
2. Knee Strengthening Exercises – Discover targeted exercises to support knee health.
3. Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome – Discuss treatment options for anterior knee pain.
4. Chondromalacia Patella – Explain why kneecaps make grinding sounds.
5. Flat Feet and Knee Pain – Explore the connection between foot posture and knee issues.
6. Patella Maltracking – Comprehensive information on causes and treatments.
7. Patella Alignment – Recent research on physiotherapy benefits.

Social Media

Stay connected with us on social media for valuable tips on managing patellar pain and improving knee health. Access advice from experienced physiotherapists to keep your body moving smoothly.